Fetch Data from Directus with Nuxt

Nuxt is a popular JavaScript framework based on Vue.js. In this tutorial, you will learn how to build a website using Directus as a Headless CMS. You will store, retrieve, and use global metadata such as the site title, create new pages dynamically based on Directus items, and build a blog.

Before You Start

You will need:

• To install Node.js and a code editor on your computer.
• To sign up for a Directus Cloud account.
• Some knowledge of Vue.js and Nuxt.

Create a new Directus Cloud project - any tier and configuration is suitable for this tutorial.

Open your terminal and run the following commands to create a new Nuxt project and the Directus JavaScript SDK:

npx nuxt init my-website
cd my-website
npm install
npm install @directus/sdk

Open my-website in your code editor and type npm run dev in your terminal to start the Nuxt development server and open http://localhost:3000 in your browser.

Create a Plugin for the SDK

To expose an Node.js package available globally in your Nuxt project you must create a plugin. Create a new directory called plugins and a new file called directus.js inside of it.

import { createDirectus, rest, readItem, readItems } from '@directus/sdk';

const directus = createDirectus('https://directus.example.com').with(rest());

export default defineNuxtPlugin(() => {
    return {
        provide: { directus, readItem, readItems },
    };
});

Ensure your Project URL is correct when initializing the Directus JavaScript SDK.

Inside of your app.vue entry file, add the following to the bottom to test that your plugin works:

<script setup>
const { $directus } = useNuxtApp();
console.log($directus);
</script>

Refresh your browser, and check the console. You should see the Directus instance logged, which means you have access to all of the Directus JavaScript SDK methods by using the useNuxtApp() composable in any page or component.

Once you've confirmed this, remove the <script> from app.vue before continuing.

Using Global Metadata and Settings

In your Directus project, navigate to Settings -> Data Model and create a new collection called global. Under the Singleton option, select 'Treat as a single object', as this collection will have just a single entry containing global website metadata.

Create two text input fields - one with the key of title and one description.

Navigate to the content module and enter the global collection. Collections will generally display a list of items, but as a singleton, it will launch directly into the one-item form. Enter information in the title and description field and hit save.

By default, new collections are not accessible to the public. Navigate to Settings -> Access Policies -> Public and give Read access to the Global collection.

In app.vue, remove <NuxtWelcome /> and replace it with <NuxtPage />. This tells Nuxt to use file-based routing.

Create a new directory called pages and a new file called index.vue inside of it.

<template>
    <h1>{{global.title}}</h1>
    <p>{{global.description}}</p>
</template>

<script setup>
const { $directus, $readItem } = useNuxtApp()

const { data: global } = await useAsyncData('global', () => {
  return $directus.request($readItem('global'))
})
</script>

Refresh your browser. You should see data from your Directus Global collection in your page.

Creating Pages With Directus

Create a new collection called pages - make a text input field called slug, which will correlate with the URL for the page. For example about will later correlate to the page localhost:3000/about.

Create another text input field title and a WYSIWYG input field called content. In Access Policies, give the Public role read access to the new collection. Create 3 items in the new collection - here's some sample data.

Inside of pages, create a new file called [slug].vue. This is a dynamic route, so a single file can be used for all of the top-level pages.

<template>
    <h1>{{page.title}}</h1>
    <div v-html="page.content"></div>
</template>

<script setup>
const { $directus, $readItems } = useNuxtApp()
const route = useRoute()

const { data: page } = await useAsyncData('page', () => {
  return $directus.request($readItems('pages', [{slug}]))[0]
})

if (!page.value) throw createError({
  statusCode: 404,
  statusMessage: 'Page Not Found'
})
</script>

Go to http://localhost:3000/about, replacing about with any of your item slugs. Using the Directus JavaScript SDK, the item with that slug is retrieved, and the page should show your data. readItems() checks all pages that have the specified slug field.

Note that we check if a returned value exists, and return a 404 if not. Please also note that v-html should only be used for trusted content.

Creating Blog Posts With Directus

Create a new collection called authors with a single text input field called name. Create one or more authors.

Then, create a new collection called posts - add a text input field called slug, which will correlate with the URL for the page. For example hello-world will later correlate to the page localhost:3000/blog/hello-world.

Create the following additional fields in your posts data model:

• a text input field called title
• a WYSIWYG input field called content
• an image relational field called image
• a datetime selection field called publish_date - set the type to 'date'
• a many-to-one relational field called author with the related collection set to authors

In Access Policies, give the Public role read access to the authors, posts, and directus_files collections.

Create 3 items in the posts collection - here's some sample data.

Create Blog Post Listing

Inside of the pages directory, create a new subdirectory called blog and a new file called index.vue inside of it.

<template>
    <h1>Blog</h1>
</template>

<script setup>
const { $directus, $readItems } = useNuxtApp()

const { data: posts } = await useAsyncData('posts', () => {
  return $directus.request(
    $readItems('posts', {
        fields: ['slug', 'title', 'publish_date', { 'author': [ 'name' ] }],
        sort: ['-publish_date']
    })
  )[0]
})
</script>

This query will retrieve the first 100 items (default), sorted by publish date (descending order, which is latest first). It will only return the specific fields we request - slug, title, publish_date, and the name from the related author item.

Update the <template> section:

<template>
    <h1>Blog</h1>
    <ul>
        <li v-for="post in posts" :key="post.id">
            <NuxtLink :href="`/blog/${post.slug}`">
                <h2>{{post.title}}</h2>
            </NuxtLink>
            <span>{{post.publish_date}} &bull; {{post.author.name}}</span>
        </li>
    </ul>
</template>

Visit http://localhost:3000 and you should now see a blog post listing, with latest items first.

Create Blog Post Pages

Each blog post links to a page that does not yet exist. In the pages/blog directory, create a new file called [slug].vue:

<template>
    <img :src="`${$directus.url}assets/${post.image.filename_disk}?width=600`" alt="" />
    <h1>{{post.title}}</h1>
    <div v-html="post.content"></div>
</template>

<script setup>
const { $directus, $readItem } = useNuxtApp()
const route = useRoute()

const { data: post } = await useAsyncData('post', () => {
  return $directus.request(
    $readItem('posts', {
            fields: ['*', { slug: route.params.slug, image: ['filename_disk']}],
    })
  )
})

if (!post.value) throw createError({
  statusCode: 404,
  statusMessage: 'Post Not Found'
})
</script>

Some key notes about this code snippet.

• In the <img> tag, $directus.url is the value provided when creating the Directus plugin.
• The width attribute demonstrates Directus' built-in image transformations.
• Once again, v-html should only be used if all content is trusted.
• Because almost-all fields are used in this page, including those from the image relational field, the fields property when using the Directus JavaScript SDK can be set to *.*.

Click on any of the blog post links, and it will take you to a blog post page complete with a header image.

Add Navigation

While not strictly Directus-related, there are now several pages that aren't linked to each other. In app.vue, above the <NuxtPage /> component, add a navigation. Don't forget to use your specific page slugs.

<nav>
    <NuxtLink to="/">Home</NuxtLink>
    <NuxtLink to="/about">About</NuxtLink>
    <NuxtLink to="/conduct">Code of Conduct</NuxtLink>
    <NuxtLink to="/privacy">Privacy Policy</NuxtLink>
    <NuxtLink to="/blog">Blog</NuxtLink>
</nav>

Next Steps

Through this guide, you have set up a Nuxt project, created a Directus plugin, and used it to query data. You have used a singleton collection for global metadata, dynamically created pages, as well as blog listing and post pages.

If you want to change what is user-accessible, consider setting up more restrictive roles and accessing only valid data at build-time.

If you want to build more complex dynamic pages made out of reusable components, check out our recipe on doing just this.

If you want to see the code for this project, you can find it on GitHub.